A Voice Coil Actuator is a specific electromagnetic actuator capable of fast, smooth, and frictionless linear actuator motion. It essentially works akin to a loudspeaker coil wherein the flow of current results in the reaction of the coil with a magnetic field to produce force and motion. These actuators are ideally suited for applications involving high speeds and short distances. Engineers prefer the zero-contact system because it works sans mechanical friction and backlash. These systems find their use among scanning, focusing, or vibration-sensitive systems demanding precise, repeatable motions at top acceleration.
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There are several notable features that render a voice coil actuator suitable for the most demanding motion control applications. As a frictionless linear actuator, it provides smooth, non-contacting movement with no mechanical wear and, hence, long life.
Some of its key features include:
This makes it the first choice for applications such as scanning, focusing, and high-speed automation.
Voice coil actuators operate on the principle of the Lorentz force. The moment electric current is supplied to a coil kept in a magnetic field, it feels a force perpendicular to the directions of current and magnetic field. This force generates linear motion of the coil (or attached payload) without any mechanical contact.
With that, here are the key points from the Principle of Lorentz Force:
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Voice coil actuators (VCAs) are known as friction-less actuators: rapid, accurate, and repeatable motion applications with minimal mechanical resistance are particular in their need. They ensure smooth motion without physically contacting the moving parts, thus making them most suitable for sensitive systems. Some applications are:
Being frictionless actuators, they provide the highest performance with minimal wear and beachfront accuracy, more so on advanced research and industrial automation platforms.